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State-of-the-art of intelligent minimally invasive surgical robots

Masakatsu G. Fujie, Bo Zhang

《医学前沿（英文）》 2020年 第14卷 第4期   页码 404-416 doi: 10.1007/s11684-020-0743-3

摘要： A number of developed countries are rapidly turning into super-aged societies. Consequently, the demand for reduced surgical invasiveness and enhanced efficiency in the medical field has increased due to the need to reduce the physical burden on older patients and shorten their recovery period. Intelligent surgical robot systems offer high precision, high safety, and reduced invasiveness. This paper presents a review of current intelligent surgical robot systems. The history of robots and three types of intelligent surgical robots are discussed. The problems with current surgical robot systems are then analyzed. Several aspects that should be considered in designing new surgical systems are discussed in detail. The paper ends with a summary of the work and a discussion of future prospects for surgical robot development.

关键词： robot history     medical robot     surgical robot     radiofrequency ablation     organ model    

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用于器官芯片的工程化血管系统 Review

Abdellah Aazmi, 周竑钊, 李雨亭, 俞梦飞, 许晓斌, 吴钰桐, 马梁, 张斌, 杨华勇

《工程（英文）》 2022年 第9卷 第2期   页码 131-147 doi: 10.1016/j.eng.2021.06.020

摘要：

器官芯片技术是一种很有前途的三维（3D）动态培养方法，可确保准确高效的细胞培养，在临床前试验中具有替代动物模型的巨大潜力。血管系统是人体内最丰富的器官，在氧气交换和物质传递中起着至关重要的作用，是组织器官生存的决定性因素。因此，必须将血管系统集成到器官芯片中，以重建组织和器官微环境及其生理功能。本文讨论了血管与新兴器官芯片技术之间的协同作用，为复现生理学和疾病特征提供了更好的可能性。此外，回顾了血管化的器官芯片制造过程的不同步骤，包括使用不同生物制造策略的结构制造和组织构建。最后，概述了这项技术在器官和肿瘤培养这个有极具吸引力且快速发展的领域的适用性。

关键词： 器官芯片     血管     生物打印     肿瘤芯片    

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A literature review of perishable medical resource management

《工程管理前沿（英文）》   页码 710-726 doi: 10.1007/s42524-023-0278-9

摘要： In recent decades, healthcare providers have faced mounting pressure to effectively manage highly perishable and limited medical resources. This article offers a comprehensive review of supply chain management pertaining to such resources, which include transplantable organs and healthcare products. The review encompasses 93 publications from 1990 to 2022, illustrating a discernible upward trajectory in annual publications. The surveyed literature is categorized into three levels: Strategic, tactical, and operational. Key problem attributes and methodologies are analyzed through the assessment of pertinent publications for each problem level. Furthermore, research on service innovation, decision analytics, and supply chain resilience elucidates potential areas for future research.

关键词： perishable medical resources     organ transplant     healthcare products     decision analytics     operations management    

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Piezoelectric pump with flexible venous valves for active cell transmission

《机械工程前沿（英文）》 2022年 第17卷 第4期 doi: 10.1007/s11465-022-0712-4

摘要： The development of organ-on-a-chip systems demands high requirements for adequate micro-pump performance, which needs excellent performance and effective transport of active cells. In this study, we designed a piezoelectric pump with a flexible venous valve inspired by that of humans. Performance test of the proposed pump with deionized water as the transmission medium shows a maximum output flow rate of 14.95 mL/min when the input voltage is 100 V, and the pump can transfer aqueous solutions of glycerol with a viscosity of 10.8 mPa·s. Cell survival rate can reach 97.22% with a yeast cell culture solution as the transmission medium. A computational model of the electric-solid-liquid multi-physical field coupling of the piezoelectric pump with a flexible venous valve is established, and simulation results are consistent with experimental results. The proposed pump can help to construct the circulating organ-on-a-chip system, and the simple structure and portable application can enrich the design of microfluidic systems. In addition, the multi-physical field coupling computational model established for the proposed piezoelectric pump can provide an in-depth study of the characteristics of the flow field, facilitating the optimal design of the micro-pump and providing a reference for the further study of active cell transport in organ-on-a-chip systems.

关键词： venous valve     flexible venous valve     cell transmission     organ-on-a-chip system     piezoelectric device    

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Emerging roles of podoplanin in vascular development and homeostasis

null

《医学前沿（英文）》 2015年 第9卷 第4期   页码 421-430 doi: 10.1007/s11684-015-0424-9

摘要：

Podoplanin (PDPN) is a mucin-type O-glycoprotein expressed in diverse cell types, such as lymphatic endothelial cells (LECs) in the vascular system and fibroblastic reticular cells (FRCs) in lymph nodes. PDPN on LECs or FRCs activates CLEC-2 in platelets, triggering platelet activation and/or aggregation through downstream signaling events, including activation of Syk kinase. This mechanism is required to initiate and maintain separation of blood and lymphatic vessels and to stabilize high endothelial venule integrity within lymph nodes. In the vascular system, normal expression of PDPN at the LEC surface requires transcriptional activation of Pdpn by Prox1 and modification of PDPN with core 1-derived O-glycans. This review provides a comprehensive overview of the roles of PDPN in vascular development and lymphoid organ maintenance and discusses the mechanisms that regulate PDPN expression related to its function.

关键词： podoplanin     CLEC-2     Prox1     O-glycosylation     lymphatic vascular development and maintenance     lymphoid organ homeostasis    

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关于3D打印技术在医学模具以及再生组织和器官方面的应用综述

Kan Wang, Chia-Che Ho, Chuck Zhang, Ben Wang

《工程（英文）》 2017年 第3卷 第5期   页码 653-662 doi: 10.1016/J.ENG.2017.05.013

摘要：

医学模型或模具已广泛应用于医学培训和医患互动领域，同时也日益应用于手术规划、医学计算模型、算法核实和验证以及医疗器械的开发等方面。这种新应用需要高保真度、患者特异性及模拟组织结构的医学模具，其不仅能够模拟人体器官的几何结构，而且还具有器官的功能。随着三维（3D）打印和3D 生物打印技术的快速发展，许多研究人员已经开始使用增材制造技术来生产具有多种功能的医学模具。本文综述了3D 打印和3D 生物打印技术在制作功能性医学模具和生物结构方面的应用。特别讨论了3D 打印功能性医学模具（即组织模拟医学模具、放射性医学模具和生理医学模具）及被用于再生组织和器官的3D 生物打印模具的制备（即混合模式支架材料、可转换支架和集成传感器）工艺、发展现状以及未来发展趋势。

关键词： 3D打印     3D生物打印     医学模具     再生组织/器官     支架    

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A novel intravenous general anesthetic--- emulsified isoflurane: from bench to bedside

null

《医学前沿（英文）》 2012年 第6卷 第4期   页码 381-387 doi: 10.1007/s11684-012-0229-z

摘要：

Application of volatile anesthetics greatly alters modern medicine. There are obvious advantages of volatile anesthetics such as strong anesthetic potency, rapid onset and elimination through respiration system. Isoflurane is one of the most widely used volatile anesthetics in clinic. Emulsified isoflurane, the emulsion of isoflurane, is a novel intravenous general anesthetic. With the development of emulsified isoflurane in the past fifteen years, its utility has spread from intravenous general anesthesia to various fields including regional anesthesia, organ protection, as well as anesthetic pharmacological study. In this review, we will summarize literatures of emulsified isoflurane about its history, clinical application and future potential utility in the above mentioned fields.

关键词： emulsified isoflurane (EI)     general anesthesia     regional anesthesia     organ protection     anesthetic pharmacological study    

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Organ function support in patients with coronavirus disease 2019: Tongji experience

Yong Li, Fan He, Ning Zhou, Jia Wei, Zeyang Ding, Luyun Wang, Peng Chen, Shuiming Guo, Binhao Zhang, Xiaoning Wan, Wei Zhu, on behalf of Multidisciplinary Team for COVID-19, Optical Valley Branch of Tongji Hospital, Tongji Medical College, Huazhong University of Science and Technology Wuhan, China

《医学前沿（英文）》 2020年 第14卷 第2期   页码 232-248 doi: 10.1007/s11684-020-0774-9

摘要： Coronavirus disease 2019 (COVID-19) is a highly contagious disease and a serious threat to human health. COVID-19 can cause multiple organ dysfunction, such as respiratory and circulatory failure, liver and kidney injury, gastrointestinal dysfunction, disseminated intravascular coagulation, and thromboembolism, and even death. The World Health Organization reports that the mortality rate of severe-type COVID-19 is over 50%. Currently, the number of severe cases worldwide has increased rapidly, but the experience in the treatment of infected patients is still limited. Given the lack of specific antiviral drugs, multi-organ function support treatment is important for patients with COVID-19. To improve the cure rate and reduce the mortality of patients with severe- and critical-type COVID-19, this paper summarizes the experience of organ function support in patients with severe- and critical-type COVID-19 in Optical Valley Branch of Tongji Hospital, Wuhan, China. This paper systematically summarizes the procedures of functional support therapies for multiple organs and systems, including respiratory, circulatory, renal, gastrointestinal, hepatic, and hematological systems, among patients with severe- and critical-type COVID-19. This paper provides a clinical reference and a new strategy for the optimal treatment of COVID-19 worldwide.

关键词： COVID-19     severe and critical type     organ function support    

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Determining “abnormal” levator hiatus distensibility using three-dimensional transperineal ultrasound in Chinese women

Chaoran Dou, Qin Li, Tao Ying, Yulin Yan, Xia Wang, Bing Hu

《医学前沿（英文）》 2018年 第12卷 第5期   页码 572-579 doi: 10.1007/s11684-017-0561-4

摘要：

The dimension of the levator hiatus is a possible predictor of pelvic organ prolapse (POP). This retrospective study investigated 360 women who went to urogynecological clinic for pelvic floor discomfort. Levator hiatus dimensions were obtained by three-dimensional transperineal ultrasound and results were compared between women with and without significantly objective prolapse (International Continence Society POP quantification, grade 2 or higher). Receiver operating characteristic (ROC) curve analyses were performed to determine valid screening index for detecting abnormal levator hiatus distensibility. Women with significantly objective prolapse had significantly higher levator hiatus dimensions than those without (all P <0.001). ROC curve analyses confirmed that hiatal area (HA) of 19.5 cm2 during Valsalva maneuver can be used as single-screening index for abnormal levator hiatus distensibility with sensitivity of 0.80 and specificity of 0.70. In this study, we used a two-step method and achieved higher sensibility (0.80 vs. 0.87) without reducing specificity (0.70 vs. 0.71) compared with a single-screening index method. As a result, we suggest that HA≥19.5 cm2 during Valsalva maneuver is an indicator of abnormal levator hiatus distensibility in Chinese women and that the two-step method has higher sensitivity in detecting abnormal distensibility.

关键词： three-dimensional transperineal ultrasound     levator hiatus     levator ani muscle     pelvic organ prolapse    

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Legacies and health risks of heavy metals, polybrominated diphenyl ethers, and polychlorinated dibenzo-dioxins/furans at e-waste recycling sites in South China

《环境科学与工程前沿（英文）》 2023年 第17卷 第7期 doi: 10.1007/s11783-023-1679-z

摘要：

● Heavy metals and organic toxins may persist in legacy sites for a long time.

关键词： E-waste     Human health risk     Organ risk     Heavy metal toxicity     PBDE     PCDD/F    

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组织工程学——现代生物生命科学的前沿

张涤生

《中国工程科学》 2000年 第2卷 第10期   页码 21-25

摘要：

组织工程是应用细胞生物学和工程学的原理研究和开发，以达到修复和重建损伤的组织或器官的外形和功能的生物替代物的一门新学科，是继细胞生物学和分子生物学后，人类生命科学发展史上又一新的里程碑，标志着医学将超越组织和器官移植的旧模式，进人制造组织和器官的新时代，将在21世纪中绽露头角。

文章简略介绍世界组织工程发展历史及各类组织和器官组织工程的研究现状，并介绍我国组织工程科研工作开展的最新情况。目前组织工程已有了迅猛发展，在不少方面已取得重大突破。由于其孕育的巨大科学价值_及广阔的研究和应用前景，因此加快我国组织工程的研究，尽早地投人临床应用，对我国医学科学事业和国民经济的发展具有重大意义。

关键词： 组织工程     可降解材料     组织器官重建     种子细胞    

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巨噬细胞在器官移植急性排斥反应中的双重作用 Review

谭亮, 郭易难, 冯畅, 侯仰潇, 谢续标, 赵勇

《工程（英文）》 2022年 第10卷 第3期   页码 21-29 doi: 10.1016/j.eng.2021.10.015

摘要：

天然免疫细胞在移植免疫反应中发挥着重要作用。巨噬细胞是重要的天然免疫细胞；在发生排斥反应的同种异基因移植器官中，巨噬细胞也是浸润的众多免疫细胞之一。巨噬细胞的浸润与器官移植的短期和长期效果呈负相关。在功能方面，巨噬细胞具有异质性和可塑性。在器官移植排斥反应中，巨噬细胞可以为适应性免疫提呈同种异基因抗原以及提供共刺激信号和细胞因子，也可以直接损伤移植器官。此外，一些具有免疫调节功能的巨噬细胞亚群，可以通过抑制排斥反应和促进免疫耐受来保护移植器官。尽管目前研究人员已认识到巨噬细胞在移植器官损伤过程中的潜在作用，但他们对巨噬细胞在移植排斥反应中的不同作用关注不够。为此，本文就巨噬细胞在急性移植免疫反应中的独特作用以及免疫抑制剂对巨噬细胞的影响进行了综述和讨论。通过分析发现，对于巨噬细胞在移植免疫中的作用的相关研究中，应更多地关注其复杂性和关键功能，并应更多地致力于开发针对巨噬细胞的免疫抑制药物，并使之有利于提高移植器官的长期存活率和移植免疫耐受的建立。

关键词： 巨噬细胞     移植     耐受     排斥反应     调节性巨噬细胞    

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免疫细胞在器官移植免疫排斥和免疫耐受中的不同作用 Review

干晓杰, 古鉴, 鞠峥, 吕凌

《工程（英文）》 2022年 第10卷 第3期   页码 44-56 doi: 10.1016/j.eng.2021.03.029

摘要：

器官移植免疫排斥反应是由多种细胞参与的复杂的免疫应答过程，是决定移植成败和患者生存的关键因素。目前大多数器官移植患者采用免疫抑制剂和生物制剂的组合疗法来控制移植器官的免疫排斥反应，然而免疫抑制剂的使用会降低移植患者免疫系统功能，导致严重的并发症，如慢性感染、恶性肿瘤等。因
此，彻底了解器官移植免疫耐受和免疫排斥的相关机制对于开发更好的治疗方案和改善患者预后至关重要。本文对免疫细胞在器官移植免疫排斥和免疫耐受诱导过程中的作用，以及目前针对移植患者处于临床试验阶段的新型细胞治疗进行概述。

关键词： 免疫细胞     固有免疫细胞     适应性免疫细胞     器官移植     免疫耐受    

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用于人体器官的无线生物电子器件的最新研究进展——对利用天线系统进行生物遥测和无线能量传输的前景展望 Review

Ahsan Noor Khan, Young-ok Cha, Henry Giddens, 郝阳

《工程（英文）》 2022年 第11卷 第4期   页码 27-41 doi: 10.1016/j.eng.2021.10.019

摘要：

电子学和生物学的结合催生了生物电子学，为研究人员实现对尚未被满足的治疗方案的需求带来了激动人心的机遇。纳米电子学及柔性、生物相容性材料的发展显示出潜在的临床应用（如生理传感、药物输送、心血管监测和脑刺激）价值。迄今为止，大多数生物电子器件都需要通过有线连接来进行电子控制，因此对患者来说，这些器件的植入既复杂又缺乏便利性。而作为替代方案，无线技术正在蓬勃发展，形成了能够提供无创控制、生物遥测和无线电能传输（WPT）的生物电子学。本文综述了无线生物电子学及其在器官特异性治疗（包括疾病和功能障碍）应用中的持续发展。本文重点描述了天线的关键特性，即辐射特性、材料选择、与其他电子器件的集成和测量。尽管无线生物电子学的最新进展有望增加对器件功能的控制，但在技术商业化以及应对不断扩大的未来医疗需求方面仍面临诸多挑战。

关键词： 生物电子学     神经植入物     药物输送     天线     无线电能    

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人体胃肠道–菌群相互作用的工程学研究模型

Marc Mac Giolla Eain, Joanna Baginska, Kacy Greenhalgh, Joëlle V. Fritz, Frederic Zenhausern, Paul Wilmes

《工程（英文）》 2017年 第3卷 第1期   页码 60-65 doi: 10.1016/J.ENG.2017.01.011

摘要：

研究宿主–胃肠道微生物的相互作用已经成为管理人类健康和疾病的关键组成部分。微生理系统的发展正在为研究人员提供前所未有的对于这种复杂关系的获取和理解。这些系统结合了微型工程、微流体和细胞培养的优点，来创建人类肠道中普遍存在的环境条件。在这里我们提出的HuMiX(人类微生物交联对话) 平台，是一个利用这种多学科方法提供具有代表性的人体胃肠道的体外模型系统，用于研究宿主–微生物分子的相互作用。我们总结了使用该平台获得的概念验证结果，强调其对于大大增强我们对宿主–微生物相互作用了解的潜力，且其可能对药物、食品和营养以及医疗保健行业产生的巨大影响。同时讨论了这些技术面临的一些关键问题和挑战。

关键词： 微生物     微流体     肠道芯片     HuMiX    

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标题 作者 时间 类型 操作

State-of-the-art of intelligent minimally invasive surgical robots

Masakatsu G. Fujie, Bo Zhang

期刊论文

用于器官芯片的工程化血管系统

Abdellah Aazmi, 周竑钊, 李雨亭, 俞梦飞, 许晓斌, 吴钰桐, 马梁, 张斌, 杨华勇

期刊论文

A literature review of perishable medical resource management

期刊论文

Piezoelectric pump with flexible venous valves for active cell transmission

期刊论文

Emerging roles of podoplanin in vascular development and homeostasis

null

期刊论文

关于3D打印技术在医学模具以及再生组织和器官方面的应用综述

Kan Wang, Chia-Che Ho, Chuck Zhang, Ben Wang

期刊论文

A novel intravenous general anesthetic--- emulsified isoflurane: from bench to bedside

null

期刊论文

Organ function support in patients with coronavirus disease 2019: Tongji experience

Yong Li, Fan He, Ning Zhou, Jia Wei, Zeyang Ding, Luyun Wang, Peng Chen, Shuiming Guo, Binhao Zhang, Xiaoning Wan, Wei Zhu, on behalf of Multidisciplinary Team for COVID-19, Optical Valley Branch of Tongji Hospital, Tongji Medical College, Huazhong University of Science and Technology Wuhan, China

期刊论文

Determining “abnormal” levator hiatus distensibility using three-dimensional transperineal ultrasound in Chinese women

Chaoran Dou, Qin Li, Tao Ying, Yulin Yan, Xia Wang, Bing Hu

期刊论文

Legacies and health risks of heavy metals, polybrominated diphenyl ethers, and polychlorinated dibenzo-dioxins/furans at e-waste recycling sites in South China

期刊论文

组织工程学——现代生物生命科学的前沿

张涤生

期刊论文

巨噬细胞在器官移植急性排斥反应中的双重作用

谭亮, 郭易难, 冯畅, 侯仰潇, 谢续标, 赵勇

期刊论文

免疫细胞在器官移植免疫排斥和免疫耐受中的不同作用

干晓杰, 古鉴, 鞠峥, 吕凌

期刊论文

用于人体器官的无线生物电子器件的最新研究进展——对利用天线系统进行生物遥测和无线能量传输的前景展望

Ahsan Noor Khan, Young-ok Cha, Henry Giddens, 郝阳

期刊论文

人体胃肠道–菌群相互作用的工程学研究模型

Marc Mac Giolla Eain, Joanna Baginska, Kacy Greenhalgh, Joëlle V. Fritz, Frederic Zenhausern, Paul Wilmes

期刊论文